Learn Git Commands

git config --global user.name 'Your Name'

Set the name that will be attached to your commits.

git config --global user.email 'youremail@example.com'

Set the email that will be attached to your commits.

git config --global init.defaultBranch main

Set the default branch name to 'main' for new repositories.

git init

Initialize a new, empty Git repository in the current directory.

git clone https://github.com/user/repo.git

Create a local copy of a remote repository.

git status

Show the working tree status (untracked, modified, and staged files).

git add <file>

Add file contents to the index (staging area). Use `git add .` to add all changes.

git commit -m 'Your commit message'

Record changes to the repository with a descriptive message.

git push

Update the remote repository with your committed changes.

git pull

Fetch changes from the remote repository and merge them into your current branch.

git branch

List all local branches. Add `-r` for remote or `-a` for all branches.

git branch <branch-name>

Create a new branch.

git checkout <branch-name>

Switch to an existing branch. Use `-b` to create and switch to a new branch in one step (`git checkout -b <new-branch>`).

git merge <branch-name>

Join the specified branch's history into the current branch.

git rebase <branch-name>

Re-apply commits from your current branch onto the tip of another branch, creating a cleaner, linear history.

git commit --amend

Modify the most recent commit. Useful for fixing typos in the commit message or adding forgotten changes.

git reset HEAD <file>

Unstage a file, but preserve its content in the working directory.

git reset --soft HEAD~1

Undo the last commit but keep the changes staged.

git reset --hard HEAD~1

DANGEROUS: Discard the last commit and all changes in the working directory. Use with caution.

git revert <commit-hash>

Create a new commit that undoes the changes of a previous commit, safely preserving history.

git log

Show the commit history. Use `--oneline` for a compact view.

git log --graph --oneline --decorate

Display the commit history as a visual graph.

git diff

Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc. `git diff --staged` shows changes in the staging area.

git show <commit-hash>

Show metadata and content changes of the specified commit.

git remote -v

List all remote repositories.

git remote add origin <url>

Add a new remote repository.

git fetch origin

Download objects and refs from another repository without merging.

git push -u origin main

Push a local branch to a remote repository and set it as the upstream branch.